🔴 Redis 数据结构与常用命令
📌 字符串 (String)
最基本的键值对存储类型,可存储字符串、数字或二进制数据
常用命令:
SET key value
GET key
DEL key
INCR key
DECR key
APPEND key value
STRLEN key
示例:
SET name "Redis"
GET name # 返回 "Redis"
INCR count # 返回 1
INCR count # 返回 2
APPEND name " Database" # 返回 13
📌 哈希 (Hash)
存储字段和值的映射,适合存储对象
常用命令:
HSET key field value
HGET key field
HGETALL key
HDEL key field
HKEYS key
HVALS key
示例:
HSET user:1 name "John"
HSET user:1 age 30
HGETALL user:1 # 返回所有字段和值
HGET user:1 name # 返回 "John"
📌 列表 (List)
有序的字符串列表,可在两端进行元素操作
常用命令:
LPUSH key value
RPUSH key value
LPOP key
RPOP key
LRANGE key start stop
LLEN key
示例:
LPUSH fruits "apple"
LPUSH fruits "banana"
RPUSH fruits "orange"
LRANGE fruits 0 -1 # 返回 ["banana", "apple", "orange"]
📌 集合 (Set)
无序的字符串集合,不允许重复元素
常用命令:
SADD key member
SMEMBERS key
SREM key member
SISMEMBER key member
SCARD key
示例:
SADD tags "programming"
SADD tags "redis"
SADD tags "database"
SMEMBERS tags # 返回 ["programming", "redis", "database"]
SISMEMBER tags "redis" # 返回 1 (存在)
📌 有序集合 (Sorted Set)
有序的字符串集合,每个元素关联一个分数
常用命令:
ZADD key score member
ZRANGE key start stop
ZREM key member
ZSCORE key member
ZCOUNT key min max
示例:
ZADD leaderboard 100 "Alice"
ZADD leaderboard 200 "Bob"
ZADD leaderboard 150 "Charlie"
ZRANGE leaderboard 0 -1 WITHSCORES # 返回有序结果
📌 通用命令
KEYS pattern
EXISTS key
TTL key
EXPIRE key seconds
FLUSHDB
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